Despite the fact that progress has not stopped, everything in the world has been modernized and renewed, people have not learned to defeat helminths. They did not decrease even after new and effective drugs.
Each of the 250 parasites known to mankind has a unique negative impact on human health, causing various diseases with only their own symptoms.
Classification
People have done their research to make the fight against these parasites at least a little easier. There are several types of worms with similar characteristics and external information.
The first type includes roundworms. Second, it combines flatworms, which include tapeworms and flukes.
The worms are:
- Contact;
- biohelminthic;
- Geohelmintik.
This classification depends on the methods of their entry into the body and the places of their distribution.
Biohelminths
These are bovine and pork tapeworms, extnococci, cestodes and trematodes. These parasites need to change several hosts to complete their life cycle. They can infect insects, mollusks, crustaceans, fish and humans, which in turn become carriers of helminths.
Geohelminths
These parasites include:
- askarida;
- Vlasoglava;
- corn worms;
- Necators;
There is no need for an intermediate host for the normal development of such parasites.
Contact
This group includes pinworms, which cause enterobiosis in humans, and dwarf tapeworms, which cause hymenolepiasis.
How can worms be infected?
- Biohelminths end up in humans as a result of ingestion of undercooked pork and beef.
- In lightly salted or raw fish, large bands or opisthorchiasis can be hidden, as river waters and lake waters are rich in parasitic larvae that live in them. Vacationers often make fatal mistakes when drinking water, washing dishes or vegetables.
- Geohelminths, or rather their larvae, stay in the soil for a while, along with the feces of infected people and animals. The new owner does not wait long. Many people do not wash their hands after working outdoors or on land.
- After contact with an infected person, helminthiasis can be transmitted to a completely healthy person if there are many dust particles containing parasitic eggs in the air through dishes and household items.
Where do worms live in humans?
Most adult worms are often located in the colon. Pinworms and whipworms also find refuge there. Clonorxis, oporrhea, fasciola are often observed in the liver. They all belong to trematodes.
They cause irreparable damage to the bile ducts and liver, form echinococcal cysts, from which the worms disintegrate after being torn.
Ordinary worms
The most common worms in humans are:
- ascariasis (cause of ascariasis);
- Wide tapeworm (causes diphyllobothriasis);
- Pinworms (enterobiasis).
People suffering from the proximity of these parasites suffer from hypovitaminosis, anemia and other disorders.
- Ascariasis can occur in humans after eating contaminated vegetables and fruits.
- Diphyllobotriasis is caused by poorly cooked fish and caviar.
- Enterobiasis occurs after contact with infected people.
The development of worms in the acute stage lasts 15-65 days, the course of chronic worm infestation lasts 35-65 days after the acute stage. Due to the presence of helminths in the organs, both organs and nearby tissues are compressed and mechanically damaged.
Chronic helminthic infestation results in decreased immunity, leading to fungal, viral and bacterial diseases. Helminthic infestation is often the cause of cancer.
Symptoms of worms in adults
Symptoms generally depend on which worm is invading the body. There are certain signs for each helminthic invasion.
ascariasis
Ascaris infection is characterized by the following symptoms:
- Skin rashes;
- nausea accompanied by abdominal pain;
- Decreased appetite
- Increase in the number of eosinophils.
Prolonged exposure to ascaris can cause peritonitis, appendicitis, and intestinal obstruction.
Difillobotriaz
This helminthic infestation is often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- nausea;
- Fecal problems;
- Isolation of parasitic fragments;
- Stomach pain;
- A sharp decrease in body weight.
Later, people develop severe anemia due to lack of protein, iron and vitamin B.
Enterobiasis
This disease is accompanied by:
- Itching in the anus, which can often result in dermatitis;
- abdominal pain of unknown origin;
Given the general symptoms of helminthic infestation, it manifests itself in the following:
- There are inexplicable, itchy rashes, for no apparent reason;
- Localization of parasites is swollen;
- There are no signs of a cold, a cough with attacks of suffocation;
- Fever discomfort;
- Regional lymph nodes expand;
- Weakness, fatigue are observed;
- Serious diseases occur - allergic myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, pneumonia, hepatitis;
- Lymph nodes are affected;
- There is blood in the urine;
- The stool is broken, there is swelling and blood impurities in the stool.
Treatment of worms in adults
In humans, worms should be treated under the supervision and supervision of a physician who is seriously involved. This applies to both children and adults. The slightest deviation from the dose of the drug can lead to serious consequences.
There are certain medications for each type of parasite:
- Drugs containing mebendazole can neutralize and destroy trichocephalus and enterobiosis.
- Drugs containing levomizole fight against forkworm, roundworm, necator, toxoplasmosis, roundworm.
Folk remedies
It is possible to treat and neutralize worms in adults with traditional methods. The most effective are pumpkin seeds. There is nothing complicated in the recipe.
You should take the following items:
- 100 g of peeled pumpkin seeds;
- 100 q su;
- 2 tbsp. l bal;
All this must be thoroughly mixed and beaten into porridge. 1 tablespoon of this mixture is consumed on an empty stomach. spoon every hour. After that, you need to make a cleansing enema by adding garlic and take a laxative.
Under no circumstances should you treat yourself. Your doctor will tell you how to effectively treat worms. After removing the parasites, it will determine the correct dose, the necessary diet, and maintenance medications. No need to panic or be hysterical. It is better to come together and defeat this evil as soon as possible.
Prophylaxis
It doesn't take much to try to avoid a helminthic invasion. It is enough to follow some recommendations and recommendations of parasitologists:
- Live a healthy lifestyle.
- Use only clean water and personal items.
- Monitor the health of your pets, take measures to prevent their helminthic infection.
- Eat only clean food.
- Carry out a thorough heat treatment of meat and fish.
- To prevent worms, take worm medicine, especially if you have four-legged pets.
- Try to use lightly salted fish and its caviar as rarely as possible, and it is better to eliminate them completely from the diet.